Corporate Restructuring in Bangladesh — TRW Law Firm’s End-to-End Guide (2025)

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TRW Law Firm is the largest international law firm in Bangladesh. We advise boards, founders, sovereign and private capital, lenders, and special-situations investors on complex corporate restructuring—from pristine, tax-efficient group reorganisations to distressed debt workouts and cross-border carve-outs. This world-class guide is written to help decision-makers plan, execute, and defend value-accretive restructurings in Bangladesh.

What “Corporate Restructuring” Really Means (Bangladesh Context)

Corporate restructuring is the strategic redesign of a company’s legal, capital, operational, and tax architecture to improve performance, protect value, or enable transactions (M\&A, financing, listings, exits). In Bangladesh, a high-quality restructuring aligns four vectors:

1. Legal form & governance — companies, subsidiaries, joint ventures, SPVs, trusts, and fund vehicles.
2. Capital structure — equity, preference shares, convertibles, shareholder loans, bank/NBFI debt, securitisation, guarantees.
3. Operating model — business unit separation, service-level realignment, shared services, cost and talent reallocation.
4. Tax & regulatory posture — efficient flows, approvals, foreign exchange compliance, employment and ESG adherence.

When to Restructure: Typical Triggers

[■] Growth & scale: the group outgrows its original structure; needs holdco/subco layers, new voting/control rights, or ring-fenced risks.
[■] M\&A readiness: prepare for sale/acquisition; isolate non-core assets; clean up cap table; settle intercompany balances.
[■] Capital raising: introduce institutional investors; create classes of shares; align investor protections and board mechanics.
[■] Family business succession: harmonise governance; create family councils; migrate to professional boards.
[■] Regulatory change: licences, sector caps, local substance requirements, or ESG standards tighten.
[■] Distress & liquidity: cash compression, covenant pressure, FX constraints; need lender negotiations and liability management.
[■] Cross-border plays: inbound/outbound investment, supply-chain shifts, export earnings, IP centralisation.

TRW’s Corporate Restructuring Spectrum

1) Board-Room Grade Diagnostics (Day 0–10)

We start with a “whole-of-business scan”: group charts, shareholder rights, key contracts, licence map, tax/VAT position, labour posture, IP/tech stack, and environmental/social compliance. Output: a Red-Amber-Green (RAG) heat-map and tactical options.

2) Group Reorganisations (Holdco/Subco/Shared-Service Models)

• Create a holding company to centralise control, simplify investor entry, and segregate risk.
• Spin-offs & carve-outs of distinct business lines into new subsidiaries or JV companies.
• Service entities for finance, HR, IT, and procurement to optimise costs and transfer pricing documentation.
• Intercompany agreements to legalise intra-group economics (SLAs, IP licences, cost-sharing).

3) Schemes of Arrangement, Amalgamations & Demergers

• Court-sanctioned schemes to amalgamate or separate companies, rationalise share capital, and migrate assets/liabilities.
• Demerger to create independent, investor-ready entities without disrupting operations.
• Amalgamation to merge overlapping entities and eliminate duplicative compliance.

4) Capital Engineering & Liability Management

• Recap stack: equity injections, preference shares, mezzanine, vendor notes.
• Share buyback/reduction to right-size equity and enhance EPS.
• Debt reprofiling: maturity extension, margin reset, covenant resets, collateral re-packaging, intercreditor mechanics.
• Liability management: consent solicitations, exchange offers, early settlement discounts, and structured standstills.

5) M\&A-oriented Restructuring

• Sell-side cleansing: settle disputes, close dormant subsidiaries, perfect licences, re-paper key customer/supplier contracts.
• Buy-side integration: interim operating covenants, migration plans, TSA (transition services), change-of-control consents, workforce harmonisation.

6) Cross-Border & FX-Sensitive Design

• Inbound: foreign investor entry, beneficial ownership transparency, profit repatriation, and dividend/winding-up flows.
• Outbound: overseas subsidiaries/JVs, IP migration/licensing, export proceeds, and compliant cash pools.
• FX windows: payment prioritisation, natural hedges, currency exposure disclosures to boards.

7) Special Situations & Distress

• Cash triage and 13-week liquidity models; contract-by-contract survivability.
• Bank/NBFI negotiations: restructuring term sheets, standstills, collateral revisions, personal/parent guarantees.
• Supplier/customer choreography to preserve continuity while resetting commercial terms.
• Pre-pack style transfers of viable units (where feasible), backed by independent valuation.

Legal, Regulatory, and Compliance Fabric (What We Actually Do)

Corporate Law & Governance

• Update Memorandum & Articles, shareholder agreements, reserved matters, and board committees.
• Map pre-emption, ROFR/ROFO, tag/drag, and design founder/management incentive pools.
• Prepare board/GM minutes, resolutions, and RJSC filings with error-proof registers.

Licences & Sector Regulators

• Prepare the licence matrix (issue/renewal/transfer), align with restructuring sequence.
• Interface with sector authorities (e.g., industrial, telecom, energy, financial services, environmental, labour).
• Manage assignment/novation of contracts to new entities and obtain counterparty consents.

Employment & Labour

• Harmonise contracts, handbooks, and standing orders; continuity of service and benefits.
• Implement workforce transfers with consultation and severance planning where needed.
• Integrate health & safety and social compliance for manufacturing/industrial footprints.

IP, Data, and Technology

• Register, assign, or licence trademarks, copyrights, designs, patents; clean up legacy ownership.
• Draft IP transfer agreements, software licences, OSS compliance notes.
• Align privacy, data transfer, and cybersecurity obligations.

Tax & Indirect Tax Alignment

• Structure dividend, royalty, interest flows; mitigate withholding leakages.
• Prepare VAT mapping for entity realignment and supply chain.
• Plan capital gains impacts, stamp duty, and transaction taxes; ready the files for audits.

Banking & Security Packages

• Re-paper facilities, security perfection, intercreditor arrangements, and covenant resets.
• Prepare notices of assignment and lender consent strategies.
• Where needed, design escrow and cash-control mechanics.

ESG & Integrity

• Map anti-bribery/AML, sanctions, and supply-chain controls into new structure.
• Baseline environmental permits, waste and emissions registers; implement board reporting lines.
• Prepare ESG scorecards for investors and financing counterparties.

The TRW Method: A Proven Four-Phase Playbook

Phase 1 — Strategy & Options (Week 0–2)

• Discovery: stakeholder interviews, data room intake, diligence hits.
• Options Paper: 2–3 credible structures modelled across legal, tax, and timing variables.
• Board Workshop: decision on the structure, sequencing, and governance changes.

Phase 2 — Design & Approvals (Week 2–6)

• Term sheets for shareholder arrangements, debt amendments, JV governance, and employee transfers.
• Licence variation/renewal plan, counterparty consent pathways, and court-sanction planning (if a scheme of arrangement is used).
• Draft transaction documents (business transfer agreements, novations, IP assignments, SLAs, escrow).

Phase 3 — Implementation (Week 6–16+)

• Filings, registrations, security perfection; closing step-plans down to task-by-task checklists.
• Court hearings (where applicable) and post-sanction actions.
• Day-1/Day-100 playbooks for finance, tax, HR, IT, and commercial teams.

Phase 4 — Stabilise & Optimise (post-close)

• Policy roll-outs, training, and compliance calendar.
• Post-deal disputes prevention: earn-outs, purchase price adjustments, and claims procedures.
• Periodic health-checks; board dashboards tracking value capture.

Documentation You’ll See from TRW

• Options Paper & Board Slides (executive language; risk/benefit).
• Step Plan (who does what, when, and dependencies).
• Transaction Pack (share purchase/transfer, business transfer, novations, IP, SLAs, escrow, financing amendments).
• Court Materials (if using a scheme): petitions, affidavits, notices, and draft orders.
• Filings Compendium: RJSC, licensing bodies, tax/VAT updates, security registrations.
• Day-1/Day-100 implementation memos and checklists.

Timelines: Realistic, Not Aspirational

• Clean intra-group reorg without court: 8–12 weeks, driven by licence and consent timetables.
• Court-sanctioned scheme: 12–24+ weeks depending on hearing schedules and stakeholder complexity.
• Distress workouts: 4–12 weeks for standstills and staged amendments, longer for multi-lender intercreditor deals.
• Cross-border: add 2–6 weeks for foreign approvals/bank processes and document apostilles/consular steps.

Risk Controls We Build In (So Your Restructure Sticks)

[■] No-surprise diligence: legal, regulatory, HR, IP, tax, ESG, and finance mapped before sign-off.
[■] Sequencing discipline: licences and consents obtained in the right order; back-stop fallbacks.
[■] Contractual protection: indemnities, warranties, and covenants aligned to discovered risks.
[■] Governance reset: board committees, policies, and approval matrices that reflect the new reality.
[■] Disclosure & audit trails: minutes, resolutions, notices, and filings preserved for future reviews.
[■] Communications plan: employees, unions, key customers, regulators, and lenders briefed at the right time.

Who Engages TRW (Typical Mandates)

• Conglomerates separating consumer, industrial, and infra verticals to unlock valuation multiples.
• VC/PE-backed growth companies creating clean investment layers, ESOP pools, and cross-border IP strategies.
• Banks/NBFIs leading sponsor or borrower-led liability management and collateral re-packs.
• Family-owned enterprises institutionalising governance, succession, and professional management.
• Export-heavy manufacturers ring-fencing FX earnings, modernising tax/VAT and customs flows.
• Tech & platform businesses centralising IP, data, and licensing for regional expansion.

Case-Style Illustrations (Names Generic)

Case A — Two-Speed Consumer Group
A Dhaka-based group with FMCG, logistics, and real estate assets suffered a valuation drag. TRW split the FMCG and logistics into a new holdco, transferred IP and key contracts under SLAs, and installed an independent board. Result: clean investor entry, VAT-compliant shared services, and a higher multiple at fundraise.

Case B — Lender-Led Workout
For a manufacturing borrower under cash stress, we negotiated a standstill with the lead bank, extended maturities, revisited collateral, and sold a non-core unit through a structured transfer. Operations stabilised without litigation; lenders retained upside via performance ratchets.

Case C — Cross-Border Carve-Out
A regional tech company carved out Bangladesh ops into a new subsidiary, migrated trademarks and software licences, and re-papered enterprise contracts. Result: regulatory-clean structure, audit-ready IP chain, and timely capital deployment.

FAQs — Corporate Restructuring with TRW

Q1: Do we always need court approval?
No. Many intra-group reorganisations close through contractual transfers and filings. Court-sanctioned schemes are used for amalgamations/demergers and complex group reconstructions where a single, binding order is efficient.

Q2: Can licences and contracts be transferred?
Often yes, but check the fine print. Some licences require fresh applications or variations; many contracts need counterparty consent or novation. We plan sequencing to avoid gaps.

Q3: How early should we involve lenders?
Early. Where facilities, guarantees, or security are impacted, lenders must consent. We also align intercreditor positions if multiple financiers are involved.

Q4: What about employees?
We design continuity of service and benefits, comply with labour law, and manage consultation where needed. The goal is seamless transfer with minimal disruption.

Q5: Will restructuring reduce taxes?
A sound structure prevents leakage and avoids disputes, but tax efficiency follows law and substance. We model outcomes and document transfer pricing with defensible policies.

Q6: How do we protect the new structure?
We embed policies, approval matrices, and compliance calendars, and run post-close health-checks. Governance is the guardrail.

Your First 10 Things — A Practical Checklist

[■] Define objectives (valuation, control, risk, cash).
[■] Build a current group chart and cap table (verified).
[■] List licences, permits, and top 50 contracts with consent flags.
[■] Identify lenders/security and change-of-control triggers.
[■] Map employees by function and site; confirm transfer mechanics.
[■] Catalogue IP/data assets; confirm ownership and registrations.
[■] Model tax/VAT impacts across the proposed structure.
[■] Decide on court vs. contract-based pathway.
[■] Approve step-plan and timelines; assign a PMO.
[■] Prepare Day-1 and Day-100 playbooks.

Why TRW: What Sets Us Apart

• Scale & bench strength: multi-disciplinary partners in corporate, finance, regulatory, disputes, IP/tech, tax, and ESG.
• Courtroom fluency + boardroom polish: we can both sanction and sell the structure—to judges, regulators, lenders, and investors.
• Cross-border competence: outbound/inbound structures with clean FX and repatriation paths.
• Tooling: checklists, trackers, dashboards, and implementation PMO that hold timelines.
• Outcome discipline: our documents, filings, and governance deliver defensible, auditable results.

Explore our broader approach to corporate and transactional work at tahmidurrahman.com.

Summary Table — TRW Corporate Restructuring at a Glance

Engage TRW — Next Steps

1. Send us your current group chart, top-level objectives, and timelines.
2. We revert with an Options Paper and a staged Step-Plan.
3. We manage the legal documents, filings, court process (if needed), licences, lender consents, and Day-1 execution—end to end.

TRW Law Firm — Corporate Restructuring & Special Situations

Phone: +8801708000660 • +8801847220062 • +8801708080817
Email: info@trfirm.com • info@trwbd.com • info@tahmidur.com
Global Locations:

• Dhaka: House 410, Road 29, Mohakhali DOHS
• Dubai: Rolex Building, L-12 Sheikh Zayed Road